{"id":8434,"date":"2025-03-31T12:30:15","date_gmt":"2025-03-31T12:30:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/premiumalu.com\/mastering-2014-al-alloy-your-ultimate-guide\/"},"modified":"2026-11-04T08:11:15","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T08:11:15","slug":"%eb%a7%88%ec%8a%a4%ed%84%b0%eb%a7%81-2014-%ec%95%8c-%ed%95%a9%ea%b8%88-%ea%b6%81%ea%b7%b9%ec%9d%98-%ea%b0%80%ec%9d%b4%eb%93%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/premiumalu.com\/ko\/mastering-2014-al-alloy-your-ultimate-guide\/","title":{"rendered":"2014 \uc54c\ub8e8\ubbf8\ub284 \ud569\uae08: \ud2b9\uc131, \uc870\uc9c8 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubc0f \uc801\uc6a9 \ubd84\uc57c"},"content":{"rendered":"

2014 aluminum alloy is the grade you reach for when a part has to be machined from solid, carry heavy load, and never see a weld. Its 3.9\u20135.0% copper delivers T6 strength in the same class as 2024, at a price: bare corrosion resistance is poor, and fusion welding is off the table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Choosing between 2014, 2024, 6061 and 7075 usually turns on four questions \u2014 how much strength the design needs, whether the part gets welded, what it will be exposed to, and how much machining it takes. This guide works through those four, using the temper values that actually apply rather than the ones most often republished.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2014 \uc54c\ub8e8\ubbf8\ub284 \ud569\uae08\uc774\ub780 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"2014-\uc54c\ub8e8\ubbf8\ub284-\ud45c\uc9c0\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2014 is a 2xxx-series alloy built on copper rather than zinc or magnesium. That choice sets everything downstream: high strength after aging, good machinability, poor corrosion resistance in the bare condition, and a weldability problem no heat treatment rescues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Copper is not the only active element. Because 2014 also carries 0.50\u20131.2% silicon, aging precipitates \u03b8\u2032 (Al\u2082Cu) and S\u2032 (Al\u2082CuMg), with Mg\u2082Si and Q-phase (Al\u2085Cu\u2082Mg\u2088Si\u2086) forming as well. The free silicon is what makes 2014 break chips well in the shop. It is also part of why the grade carries lower fracture toughness than 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ud654\ud559 \uc131\ubd84<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\uc694\uc18c<\/td>\ud568\ub7c9 (wt%)<\/td>\uae30\ub2a5<\/td><\/tr>
\uad6c\ub9ac<\/td>3.9 \u2013 5.0<\/td>Primary strengthener<\/td><\/tr>
\ub9c8\uadf8\ub124\uc298<\/td>0.20 \u2013 0.80<\/td>Raises the aging response<\/td><\/tr>
\uc2e4\ub9ac\ucf58<\/td>0.50 \u2013 1.2<\/td>Improves machinability, lowers toughness<\/td><\/tr>
\ub9dd\uac04<\/td>0.40 \u2013 1.2<\/td>Grain control and secondary strengthening<\/td><\/tr>
Iron<\/td>0.70 max<\/td>Impurity; lowers toughness<\/td><\/tr>
\uc544\uc5f0<\/td>\ucd5c\ub300 0.25<\/td>\ubd88\uc21c\ubb3c<\/td><\/tr>
\ud2f0\ud0c0\ub284<\/td>\ucd5c\ub300 0.15<\/td>\u6676\u7c92\u7ec6\u5316\u5242<\/td><\/tr>
\ud06c\ub86c<\/td>\ucd5c\ub300 0.10<\/td>\ubd88\uc21c\ubb3c<\/td><\/tr>
\uae30\ud0c0<\/td>\uac01\uac01 \ucd5c\ub300 0.05, \ucd1d\ud569 \ucd5c\ub300 0.15<\/td>\u2014<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The manganese floor is the figure buyers most often get wrong: it is 0.40%, not 0.20%. The 0.20% figure is magnesium’s lower limit, and the two rows sit next to each other in most published tables. A mill certificate showing under 0.40% Mn is not 2014.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc5f4\ucc98\ub9ac \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uae30\uacc4\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"2014-aluminum-temper-and-properties\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

The most common error in published 2014 data is quoting T4 numbers as T6. The 427 MPa tensile and 290 MPa yield that appear everywhere labelled “2014-T6” are the T4\/T451 minimums \u2014 62 ksi and 42 ksi in AMS 4121. Design to those values while specifying T6, and the yield strength you are relying on sits about 30% below what T6 actually delivers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc131\uc9c8<\/td>Tensile, minimum<\/td>Yield, minimum<\/td>Tensile \/ yield, typical<\/td>\uc5f0\uc2e0\uc728, \ub300\ud45c\uac12<\/td>\uacbd\ub3c4<\/td><\/tr>
T4 \/ T451<\/td>427 MPa (62 ksi)<\/td>290 MPa (42 ksi)<\/td>470 \/ 325 MPa<\/td>20%<\/td>105 HB<\/td><\/tr>
T6 \/ T651, plate<\/td>448 \u2013 462 MPa (65 \u2013 67 ksi)<\/td>379 \u2013 407 MPa (55 \u2013 59 ksi)<\/td>483 \/ 414 MPa<\/td>13%<\/td>135 HB<\/td><\/tr>
T6 \/ T651, cold-finished bar<\/td>483 MPa (70 ksi)<\/td>414 MPa (60 ksi)<\/td>483 \/ 414 MPa<\/td>13%<\/td>135 HB<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Minimums move with product form and thickness, so treat the bands as the range you will actually see on a certificate rather than one fixed number. For plate and bar in T6, design against the lower end \u2014 448 MPa tensile and 379 MPa yield \u2014 and let the mill certificate confirm where in the band your heat landed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \uc18d\uc131<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Thermal conductivity is the second figure that gets misquoted. The 192 W\/m\u00b7K value belongs to annealed 2014-O; in T6 it falls to about 155 W\/m\u00b7K, with electrical conductivity down to about 40% IACS, because copper held in solid solution scatters electrons. T4 is lower still, near 134 W\/m\u00b7K, since almost all of the copper stays dissolved. Size a heat sink from the annealed figure and you overstate dissipation by close to a quarter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uc18d\uc131<\/td>Value (T6 \/ T651)<\/td>\ube44\uace0<\/td><\/tr>
\ubc00\ub3c4<\/td>2.80 g\/cm\u00b3<\/td>Same in all tempers<\/td><\/tr>
\ud0c4\uc131 \uacc4\uc218<\/td>73 GPa<\/td>MMPDS design value 69.6 GPa<\/td><\/tr>
\uc5f4 \uc804\ub3c4\uc131<\/td>155 W\/m\u00b7K<\/td>Annealed 2014-O: 192 W\/m\u00b7K<\/td><\/tr>
\uc804\uae30 \uc804\ub3c4\uc131<\/td>40% IACS<\/td>Annealed 2014-O: 50% IACS<\/td><\/tr>
\uc6a9\uc735 \ubc94\uc704<\/td>507 \u2013 638 \u00b0C<\/td>Same in all tempers<\/td><\/tr>
\uacbd\ub3c4<\/td>135 HB (\u2248155 HV)<\/td>T4: 105 HB<\/td><\/tr>
\uc5f4\ud33d\ucc3d<\/td>23 \u00b5m\/m\u00b7K<\/td>Same in all tempers<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Where 2014 Is Used<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

2014 earns its place where a part is machined from solid and loaded hard. The applications below all share that shape: cut from stock, assembled mechanically, and protected from the environment by design rather than by luck.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aircraft Wheels, Brake Parts and Fittings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\"2014-aluminum-typical-parts\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2014-T6 forgings are the standard choice for aircraft wheels and wheel hubs, brake components, landing-gear parts and structural fittings. Brake and hub service runs warm, and 2014-T6 holds usable strength there. It is not a high-temperature alloy, though: by 150 \u00b0C its yield strength has already fallen by more than 40%, and sustained heat calls for a different grade entirely. Wing spars and fuselage frames are a different story \u2014 those are normally 7075 or 2024<\/a>, and attributing them to 2014 is a common mix-up.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ordnance, Missiles and Industrial Parts<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In military hardware, 2014 goes into ordnance and missile components, not vehicle protection. Aluminum armor is a separate family specified to MIL-DTL-46027 (5083-H131<\/a>), MIL-DTL-46063 (7039-T64) and MIL-DTL-46192 (2519-T87); 2014 appears in none of them. On the industrial side, truck wheel hubs, equalizer beams and precision machined components are the bread-and-butter work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

How 2014 Compares with 2024, 6061 and 7075<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\uae30\ub2a5<\/td>2014<\/td>2024<\/td>6061<\/td>7075<\/td><\/tr>
\uc8fc\uc694 \ud569\uae08 \uc6d0\uc18c<\/td>Cu 3.9\u20135.0, Si 0.50\u20131.2<\/td>Cu 3.8\u20134.9, Mg 1.2\u20131.8, Mn 0.30\u20130.9<\/td>Mg 0.8\u20131.2, Si 0.40\u20130.8, Cu 0.15\u20130.40<\/td>Zn 5.1\u20136.1, Mg 2.1\u20132.9, Cu 1.2\u20132.0<\/td><\/tr>
Tensile, typical<\/td>483 MPa (T6)<\/td>470 MPa (T3)<\/td>310 MPa (T6)<\/td>570 MPa (T6)<\/td><\/tr>
Corrosion, bare<\/td>Poor<\/td>Poor<\/td>\ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc6b0\uc218<\/td>\ubcf4\ud1b5<\/td><\/tr>
\uc6a9\uc811\uc131<\/td>\uad8c\uc7a5\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c<\/td>\uad8c\uc7a5\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c<\/td>\uc6b0\uc218<\/td>\uad8c\uc7a5\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c<\/td><\/tr>
\uae30\uacc4 \uac00\uacf5\uc131<\/td>Good \u2014 free silicon aids chip control<\/td>Good<\/td>Good<\/td>Good<\/td><\/tr>
\ud30c\uad34 \uc778\uc131<\/td>Low, KIC \u224819\u201324 MPa\u221am (T6)<\/td>Moderate, \u224830\u201344 MPa\u221am (T3)<\/td>\ub192\uc74c<\/td>\ubcf4\ud1b5<\/td><\/tr>
\uc77c\ubc18 \uc6a9\ub3c4<\/td>Wheels, brake parts, fittings<\/td>Skins, structures<\/td>Frames, marine, piping<\/td>Aircraft, military<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Every strength in this table is an Aluminum Association typical value, and the specified minimums sit up to about 10% below them \u2014 do not read 483 MPa as a guaranteed floor. The trade it makes visible is toughness against everything else: the same silicon that helps 2014 break chips is part of why it carries the lowest fracture toughness in this group.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Go\/No-Go: When to Specify 2014<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Use 2014 when:<\/p>\n\n\n\n